Sunday, February 16, 2014

Exodus 20:13 "No Immoral Killing"

                “You shall not murder.”  Only four words in English and just two words in the original Hebrew.  That’s it; pretty straight forward right?  When we look for clarity on something, we look for as concise a definition as possible.  Well, it doesn’t get any clearer than “You shall not murder.”  Or does it?  You see, if we were to rewrite or to write out this commandment in terms of its actual application in the world, it would read one of two ways primarily.  The first would be something to the effect of you shall not murder, unless it’s for war, because of illness, as a mercy killing, for the greater good, and on and on and on…until pretty much it has diluted this commandment to nothing aside from things like gang violence, random killings, and serial killers.  Now, there are some of these things that are allowable according to Scripture, which we will get to in just a moment.  The other application of these words is that nothing should be killed.  This is the type of interpretation that breeds groups like Westboro Baptist Church (the group that cheers as slain soldiers are buried because they say that war is a sin against God).  This is the interpretation that leads many to view things like capital punishment as sinful.  It causes some people to consider the eating of meat, the wearing of furs, hunting, fishing, or any other act that ends in the killing of anything; person, plant, or animal, as a sin.  Well, it is my opinion, and more importantly a more accurate biblical interpretation, that both of these interpretations are wrong, at least in their entirety.  So, what is the right view of this commandment?  Well, it is my hope that by looking at this text today a little more closely, and in conjunction some other verses of Scripture that provide some clarity, that we will see just what it is that we are called to do and not to do by this commandment.  It is my hope that we will see that the answer to how we are to live in light of this commandment falls somewhere in between these two extremes that we’ve just mentioned.

                As we study this commandment today, we have to first understand what is actually meant by the Hebrew text, by the two Hebrew words that make up this commandment.  Yes, “You shall not murder” is a correct translation, but a more accurate translation would be to say that “You shall not do any immoral killing.  You shall not unlawfully murder.”  That is the sentiment held within the Hebrew text for this verse, and we use accounts like, God’s words to Noah in Genesis 9 and even God’s own clarification of this law as it is found in Exodus 21 to arrive at this conclusion.  So, knowing that the original language carries with it such sentiment, it means that there must be such things as moral killings and lawful murders. You see, this command of “no murdering” or “no killing” is not simply a generic term for any kind of killing, it is a specific term for the violent killing of a personal enemy.  This term, found here in the sixth commandment, is never used for acts of war in the Bible.  It is never used for capital punishment in Scripture.  It’s never used for lethal self-defense.  It is never used on any occasion when God or angels are the subject or doers of this verb.  Instead, it always has to do with the forbidding of planned or premeditated murder, assassination, or various kinds of manslaughter.  So this commandment in no way forbids things like the death penalty (which God actually commanded Moses to institute), going to war, or lethal self-defense.  Now, we could sit here all day and debate whether any of these are or have been used or applied justly both today and throughout history, but this isn’t a courtroom.  I realize that wars have been started needlessly throughout history.  I know that sometimes self-defense could have been milder.  I’m not debating those things, because that’s not our goal today.  Our goal today is to determine what God’s law says about murder, and what that should look like in our lives.

                So, since we’ve looked at what this commandment doesn’t forbid and doesn’t mean, let’s focus in a little more on what it actually does mean.  See, this command is the “forbidding of any act of violence against an individual out of hatred or anger or malice or deceit or for personal gain in whatever circumstances and by whatever method that might result in death even if the person is not attempting to kill.” (Ligon Duncan).    In other words, we are to do nothing that even runs the risk of taking a human life if it is not sanctioned by God.  Abortion is not sanctioned by God, even for the purposes of stem cell research.  Now, the question invariably gets asked “What if the health of the mother is at stake?”  Well, very quickly I would like to say that this is a judgment call.  By this I mean, that either option, saving the child or saving the mother, find themselves preserving life.  There is not one life that is worth more than the other, and this is simply a decision that the parents must make together.  In addition to abortion, we are not to practice euthanasia, or mercy killings as they’re more commonly known.  Believe me, I know what it’s like to long for death to come to someone you love.  I shared with you last Sunday about my grandmother and her battle with Alzheimer’s.  There is nothing in this world that I want more than for her earthly suffering to stop, but it’s not my place to make that decision.  I have made the in-home visits that a pastor makes to check on people.  I’ve had to sit there and upon asking someone what they want or if there is anything that I can do, I’ve listened as they’ve said, “I just want to die.”  Talk about a helpless feeling; to know that that is the only way that suffering can end and being powerless to do anything about it.  It’s hard to imagine that two little words could seem so unclear, but that’s the world that we find ourselves in today.  You see, this commandment has its roots in the preservation of life.  It’s not about just not taking a life, but doing what we must to preserve it.        

I want to take just a moment and pause on our trying to interpret this commandment and look to the greatest preacher and teacher that the world has ever known.  I want to look to Jesus himself as he expounds upon this commandment in his Sermon on the Mount.  Jesus says, “You have heard that is was said to those of old, ‘You shall not murder, and whoever murders will be liable to judgment.’  But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother will be liable to judgment; whoever insults his brother will be liable to the council; and whoever says, ‘You fool!’ will be liable to the hell of fire.” (Matt. 5:21-22 ESV).  Wow!  You know, we might have felt really good about ourselves if the command was just against senseless killings.  We might have felt really good about ourselves if it was just a command against murder, abortion, or even just against physical violence, but this, this takes things to a whole new level.  Whoever is angry with his brother, insults his brother, or calls his brother a fool is liable.  Wow!  Remember, this isn’t Jesus adding to the Law, this is him giving the fuller understanding of it.  I read these words from Matthew 5 and all I can think is that I’ve probably already gotten angry several times today.  Yes, murder is a sin, but Jesus is telling us here that anger is too, that is at least anger that is unjust.  By unjust anger, I am talking about the trivial things that we all get angry over; the anger that is directed at people and events, and not at sin.  Anger is the feeling and emotion that leads us to murder.  When we say that we sin in thought, word, and deed; well anger is the though, insults are the words, and murder is the deed.  Seeing these words of Jesus makes us even more thankful than we already were (if that’s possible) that there is no sin that is not covered by Christ’s blood.  That regardless of the regularity with which we violate this commandment, Christ’s sacrifice is sufficient to atone for our sins.  It’s not about our keeping the Law, but about Christ’s fulfilling it and the Holy Spirit applying that to our hearts.  That doesn’t mean that the Law is useless, but it becomes a mirror for us to see just how broken and shameful we are as compared to where we are supposed to be.


                So, how are we to live in light of the words, “You shall not murder.”  Well, let me try and recap or sum up all that we’ve said in a few concise statements.  Scripture commands that we defend ourselves as a means of preserving what God has created.  If that preservation requires the taking of another’s life, then so be it.  However, we must not just take a life (or even allow a life to be taken) and claim that it was simply for the greater good.  There are times when our emotions will cause us to see this commandment not as clearly as we do right now.  When it’s a choice between mother or child, things don’t seem as clear.  When it’s the choice between keeping someone connected to machines or allowing “nature to run its course” then “no” doesn’t seem so definitive.  But understand this one thing from these words, we are created in the image of God.  As such, we are precious things and we are to seek the preservation of all of our fellow created things.  However, this doesn’t begin with outward actions.  This begins with inner feelings and emotions.  This begins when love and compassion are replaced by unjust anger and malice and hatred.  This commandment is a directive from God, for all of us to erase such hatred, to erase such anger, and to look and point only to the love and refuge that can be found in God alone.  Glory be to God; in the name of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.  Amen. 

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